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HABITATS
The Thracian
island of Thásos (and its ‘sister’ Samothraki) is an extension of the
Rhodope Massif, composed largely of limestones and crystalline marble (in the
north-east) and schists. Its circumference of 100kms encloses a land area of 382
sq.kms, most of which is mountainous and dominated by the Ypsario range rising
to 1203m. Lowland habitats are confined to a narrow coastal band in which
agriculture occupies 8000ha, with 91% of this accounted for by olive groves.
Situated just 8kms
off the mainland, Thásos experiences a sub-Mediterranean climate with rather
cold winters (January average 5.6 degC) and snow is not unusual. The annual
rainfall of c.500mm falls mainly in the winter and early spring, with the
summers characteristically hot and dry. This climatic regime permits the
development of scrub and forest such that woodland habitats are more extensive
on Thásos than any other Aegean island. However, excluding the typical
Mediterranean phrygana dwarf-shrub communities, other habitat types away from
the littoral fringe are scarce on the island and probably all good examples are
worthy of conservation. The vegetation of the island has been reported upon by
Rechinger & Rechinger-Moser (1951), Regel (1943), Stojanov & Kitanov
(1950) and Strid & Tan (1998). More general accounts of vegetation
communities in the Mediterranean can be found in Polunin (1980), Polunin &
Huxley (1987) and Polunin & Walters (1985).
During my visits
to the island I have been able to explore only a fraction of its land surface
and no doubt have over-looked some important wildlife sites. The following pages
present an account of some of the better examples of the main habitat types on
the island but I would be interested to hear of any additional localities
discovered by visitors.
REFERENCES:
Polunin,
O. 1980. Flowers of Greece and the Balkans: a field guide. Oxford
University Press.
Polunin,
O. & Huxley, A. 1987. Flowers of the Mediterranean. London, Chatto
& Windus.
Polunin,
O. & Walters, M. 1985. A guide to the vegetation of Britain and Europe.
Oxford University Press.
Rechinger, K.H.
& Rechinger-Moser, F. 1951. Phytogeographia Aegaea. Akad. Wiss. Wien,
Math.-Naturwiss. Kl., Denkschr. 105 (2): 1-208.
Regel, C. 1943.
Pflanzengeografische Studien aus Griechenland und Westanatolien. Bot. Jahrb.
Syst., 73: 2-98.
Stojanov, N. &
Kitanov, B. 1950. Rastitelnit. otnošenija
na ostrov Tasos. Izv. Bot. Inst. (Sofia), 1: 214-357.
Strid, A. &
Tan, K. [Eds.] 1998. Flora and vegetation of North East Greece including
Thasos and Samothraki. Botanical Institute, University of Copenhagen.
Unpublished report.